Evaluation for IDA

Instructional Design Activity: Course Design

Your IDA was evaluated by: Ying Liu

Overall Instructor Rating: Satisfactory

Ratings explanation:

Exemplary - A model answer in almost every way (this is given out very rarely).
Satisfactory - Very well done; you've met the expectations of the assignment. There are some minor problems, so read my feedback well.
Marginal Pass - You pass, but there are lots of issues to consider. Read my feedback very carefully and be sure you understand the points/issues I raise.
Not satisfactory, redo and resubmit - The assignment was not completed appropriately. I am concerned that you do not understand the process well enough yet. To get credit for the assignment, you need to redo it, most probably on another topic. Read and consider my feedback very carefully before redoing.

Instructor's Overall Feedback:

Thanks for providing the ICMs. It has been very helpful for me to understand your course and unit design and to evaluate how well you have understood the instructions that prepare you for this IDA. This is a very well-done IDA! You surely have got the essence of course and unit design. I only have a few comments on both your course and unit design: You do seem to have grasped the main ideas and demonstrated a few things that I’m glad to see. First, your objectives are very well written. You delineated the instructional components clearly in an accumulative way so that learning that is required for achieving the terminal goal can happen step by step. In the IDA, the unit and lesson objectives are arranged properly, although most of them appear non-hierarchical in terms of instructional sequence and can be taught as parallels. However, representation of these objectives is a little confusing in your ICMs, which will be discussed in detail when I comment on your ICMs. Second, you did a good job appropriately using the learned capability verbs for different levels of objectivities. The verbs you selected to describe the objectives accurately reflect the level of intellectual skills required for completing those tasks and make the objectives high enough in the learning hierarchy to constitute instructional units they claim to be. Last, you did a great job identifying the supporting skills and entry behaviors and representing them using Inspiration. Two things, however, should be noted as you represent the supporting skills in the unit ICM. Overall, you did a very nice job drafting the objectives and delineating their relationships in the IDA, but please pay attention to a few following issues in your ICMs: First, in your course ICM, the unit objectives are presented in a triangle connected by arrows pointing to different directions. The examples that have been used in the class, however, present the objectives in a linear way with one unit leading to another. The first unit should be put at the bottom and the last one at the top (excluding the terminal goal), and all the arrows stem from the bottom and points upwards. How the unit objectives are presented is confusing to the audience because it is hard to tell in what sequence the units will be taught. If the order in which your units are presented does not matter much, there is no need to give too much thought to the sequence. However, they should be presented linearly. Second, in the unit ICM, you actually combined your course ICM and what we mean by unit ICM. The way that a unit ICM is intended to be is that the “terminal” objective here should be a unit objective rather than the overall course objective, and the lesson objectives, as enabling objectives at another level, should be presented in the same way as the unit objectives are presented to support the course objective (the real terminal goal). Supporting objectives and prerequisite skills are components of unit ICM, but they should be directly related to the lesson objectives (supporting skills can be related to unit objectives too). Therefore, a few things need to be done to fix your unit ICM: 1) Replace the course objective with the unit 2 objective. The supporting attitudinal skill for the course objective should be removed as well. 2) The lesson objectives should point to the unit 2 objective. 3) Unit 1 objective should be deleted from the ICM because it indicates a separate unit. Also, the supporting objectives (verbal information about link and URL) are actually related to lesson 3 objective and thus should be linked to that particular objective instead of unit 1 objective. 4) The prerequisite skills are well identified, but they should be pointing to the lesson objectives. 5) The last thing to remember is that when using a supporting objective (verbal information or attitudinal), there is no need to have an arrow pointing to or from the course/unit/lesson objective. A line that connects the supporting objective with the course/unit/lesson objective and has a circle containing “A” (or a triangle containing “V”) suffices. That’s all I have to comment on your IDA. Thanks for your hard work! Ying [Note from Greg: I approve of Ying's feedback. I also want to say I appreciate you wrestling with a new piece of software - Inspiration. Some of Ying's feedback is about conventions of presentation in the ICMs that you may not have figured out how to do yet - and that's perfectly ok for this IDA. For your team project, I would encourage you to learn Inspiration tricks from each other - or check with me if you get stuck - and do follow the standard ways of representing things that we are teaching. Good work!]

This activity builds on the needs assessment IDA. This IDA is divided into two parts. First, you will design a rough outline of a course. In this context, "course" is defined as an instructional entity, which has both a recognizable start and finish point, and has an organized set of content. It is the most general instructional solution to a problem identified in needs assessment. Second, you will choose one of the units from your course design and design a rough outline of that unit (of course, in the 'real world', you would do this for all of your units). The activity is designed to give you hands-on practice with course- and unit-level task analysis.

1. Click here to read background information about this assignment.

Preliminary: Reviewing Goals Resulting from Needs Assessment

2. Restate the instructional goal(s) from IDA#1, or change topics and write new goals:

Your rewritten goal needs to pass two tests.

Test One - Is the goal too fuzzy or not instructional?

According to Dick, Carey, and Carey (2001, p. 25), an "instructional goal is 1) a clear, general statement of learner outcomes, (2) related to an identified problem and needs assessment, and (3) achievable through instruction ..."

For example, the following goals are too fuzzy:

"The Department of Instructional Technology will create a course to teach instructional design." This goal does not state the learning outcomes, that is, what the learners will be able to do after taking the course.
"Students will know how to do instructional design." Both the verb "know" and the phrase "instructional design" are too vague.

The following goal is not instructional in nature:

"The College of Education needs to hire more instructional design faculty." The problem is one of allocating more personnel resources.

Test two - Is the learning outcome of the instructional goal an intellectual skill at the level of a rule or problem solving?

Based on Gagne's types of learning outcomes (refer to Dick, Carey, & Carey, p. 38-41), ask yourself if your goal is in the intellectual skills domain at level of rules or problem-solving. If it is not, then you need to couch it in a more general context and restate your goal so that it is. For example, a goal of "being able to design a web page" is too narrow and should be couched in the context of "being able to design a web site". Designing a web page is best seen as a "unit" in a course about how to design a web site.

It may be helpful to also give your goal a short descriptive title.

Example

Title: Designing systematic instruction

Goal: Students will be able to generate an instructional design project by conducting all appropriate procedures for macro- and micro-instructional design.

Write your course title (optional) and instructional goal here:

Your response:

Title: Designing Interactive Electronic Classrooms Teachers at Smith Middle School will be able to generate an interactive electronic classroom using the school's web-based learning portal called Moodle.

Part 1: Course-Level Design

As you complete your course design, take note that a well-written instructional goal can also be considered as the terminal objective for the course. (We will better define a "terminal objective" later in the course. As you will see later in this course, writing a good objective is a skill unto itself!)

3. Identify the units.

Based on the instructional goal(s) and learning outcomes, conduct a goal analysis (also known as a task analysis) as described by Dick, Carey, and Carey in Chapter 3. You are now beginning to break down what the learner needs to know in order to achieve the instructional goal. Identify the mental and/or physical steps that someone must go through in order to complete the learning task.

Identify the 3-4 most critical units of the course and state the objectives. These should also generally be limited to intellectual skills learning outcomes such as problem solving and relational rules. For some cases, there may be a need for an attitude learning outcome. (Note: the number of units will depend on your instructional problem and design. If you have more than 4, just include the 4 most critical here). Write the unit title and objectives below.

A. Unit 1 objective

Example

Title: Performing a needs analysis

Obj: Learners will design and conduct (generate) an appropriate needs analysis.

Your response:

Title: Creating Participant Parameters Obj: Learners will generate the parameters for course settings and participant rolls.

B. Unit 2 objective

Example

Title: Identifying instructional goals

Obj: Learners will generate 3-5 instructional goals based on data gathered through needs analysis.

Your response:

Title: Creating Instructional Presentation Resources Obj: Learners will generate instructional presentation resources such as documents, PowerPoint presentations and internet links.

C. Unit 3 objective

Example

Title: Performing a task analysis

Obj: Learners will generate the sequence of tasks for achieving their instructional goal using the principle of learning hierarchies.

Your response:

Title: Creating Formative and Summative Evaluations Obj: Learners will generate formative and summative evaluations for participants.

D. Unit 4 objective

Your response:

As you finish this step, take note that these unit objectives can be considered as enabling objectives for the course. That is, accomplishing these objectives enable the person to accomplish the course's terminal objective.

4. Draw an Instructional Curriculum Map (ICM)

An ICM visually represents the optimal sequence of these objectives. (Just think of it as a flowchart.) Draw the ICM in "top-down" fashion with the terminal objective (i.e. course objective) at the top. Instructional events are designed top-down, though learners will ultimately experience the instruction bottom-up. If there is room in your ICM, include the full objectives, otherwise, just include the title. Click here for an example (generated with Inspiration).

Although doing this step is required, actually submitting it here is optional because of the technical requirements of converting an image to either the GIF or JPEG file format and uploading it to a web server. (Inspiration gives the option to save as both gif and jpeg.)

If you are able to do this, enter the URL (web address) of the image file here:

http://

Your response:

http://maile.steimer.googlepages.com/edit6170 See Course Curriculum Map

If you are able to convert the flowchart to a GIF or JPEG, but you do not know how to upload it to a server, you can email it to your instructor as an attachment with the request that it be uploaded it for you. If you do this, please name your file according to this convention: "yourLastName-course-icm.gif".

Part 2: Unit-Level Design

The purpose of this step is for you to expand one of the objectives that you identified above in your course design. As you work through this second part of this IDA, you will begin to notice that you will be repeating the same steps above, but with one of the unit objectives. The only difference is that your design will be more specific and less general than that of your course design. You will again implement a hierarchical process by analyzing the task at different levels.

Click here to view Lloyd Rieber's instructional curriculum map (ICM) on one of the units in his Dreamweaver course example.

1. Restate one of the unit (enabling) objectives or goals you identified in your course design.

This objective will become the terminal objective for your unit. Compare the use of the terms "terminal" and "enabling" here to how they were used above for the course design. These terms are relative to the ICM on which you are working. An enabling objective in your course ICM becomes the terminal objective in a unit ICM. Then, an enabling objective in your unit ICM becomes your terminal objective in a lesson ICM.

(Note: I interchange goal and objectives here because you may realize after further analysis that your objective identified in your course ICM was not clear or appropriate, which means that it is really a goal. After completing this IDA, you may need to rewrite your terminal objective for this unit.)

Example

Title: Designing systematic instruction

Unit Objective: Learners will design and conduct (generate) an appropriate needs analysis.

Write your unit title (optional) and instructional objective here:

Your response:

Title: Creating Instructional Presentation Resources Obj: Learners will generate instructional presentation resources such as documents, PowerPoint presentations and internet links.

Be sure to include in your objective the learned capability verb that corresponds to one of Gagne's learning domains: Problem-solving (generate); Rule-using (demonstrate); concept (classify, identify); verbal information (state, recite, summarize); attitudinal (choose); psychomotor (execute).

2. Identify the intellectual skill objectives for the lessons in the unit.

Based on the instructional goal(s) and learning outcomes, conduct an subordinate skills analysis as described by Dick, Carey, and Carey in chapter 4. You are now beginning to breakdown what the learner needs to know in order to achieve the instructional goal. Each objective you generate can roughly be considered a lesson objective (as we will discuss in class, some lessons may have more than one objective; but there is no sense risking confusion on this point now.)

Identify the 3-5 most critical parts of the unit (referred to as "lessons"). These should generally be limited to intellectual skills learning outcomes such as problem solving and relational rules. For some cases, there may be a need for an attitude learning outcome. (Note: the number of lessons will depend on your instructional problem and design. Add or eliminate lessons as you deem necessary). Write the lesson/enabling objectives below.

A. Lesson1

Example

Title: Describing the learning context

Obj: Learners will classify the learning context using physical, social, and organizational characteristics.

Your response:

Title: Uploading Documents Obj: Learners will generate assignments using uploaded documents for students to retrieve independently as additional instructional aids.

B. Lesson 2

Example

Title: Identifying symptoms of the problem

Obj: Learners will identify symptoms of an instructional problem with accompanying evidence and reasoning.

Your response:

Title: Uploading PowerPoint Presentations Obj: Learners will generate assignments using uploaded PowerPoint presentations for students to retrieve independently as additional instructional aids.

C. Lesson 3

Example

Title: Identifying data to verify problem

Obj: Learners will identify the types of data needed to verify problem.

Your response:

Title: Creating Internet Links Obj: Learners will generate lessons using links to Internet sites for students to retrieve independently as additional instructional aids.

3. Identify supporting objectives from the verbal information and attitudinal domains.

Identify these objectives using verbs such as "state, list, or summarize" for verbal information objectives and "choose" for attitudinal objectives. (If you have more than 2, just list those 2 that best represent these other objectives. Be sure to include these objectives on your visual ICM to indicate which intellectual skills they support.)

Write two supporting objectives here:

Your response:

Verbal: a. Learners will state what is meant by a "link" to another file or website. c. Learners will state the definition of a URL. Attitudinal: Learners will choose to create an electronic classroom using Moodle.

4. Identify entry behaviors (also known as prerequisite skills).

Entry behaviors are those skills and knowledge that you expect your students to have as they begin this unit. That is, you do not intend to teach these. Although you will undoubtedly have many objectives denoting entry behaviors, just list one example below (but be sure to include all entry behaviors on your instructional curriculum map).

Your response:

1. Generate a Word text document. 2. Generate a PowerPoint presentation. 3. Generate essay questions for formative evaluation. 4. Generate multiple choice quizzes / test for formative and / or summative evaluation.

5. Draw an Instructional Curriculum Map (ICM) for the Unit

An ICM visually represents the optimal sequence of these objectives. (Just think of it as a flowchart.) Draw the ICM in "top-down" fashion with the terminal objective (i.e. unit objective) at the top. Instructional events are designed top-down, though learners will ultimately experience the instruction bottom-up. If there is room in your ICM, include the full objectives, otherwise, just include the title. Entry behaviors should be drawn at the very bottom with a dotted line separating these from the other objectives just above. Click here for an example (generated with Inspiration).

If you are able to do this, enter the URL (web address) of the image file in the field below.

If you are able to convert the flowchart to a GIF or JPEG, but you do not know how to upload it to a server, you can email it to Lloyd Rieber as an attachment and he will upload it for you (and he will enter the URL here for you). If you do this, please name your file according to this convention: "yourLastName-unit-icm.gif".

http://

Your response:

http://maile.steimer.googlepages.com/edit6170 See Unit Curriculum Map